Romance and radicalisation: an overlooked concern for young Australian women
Radicalisation of vulnerable women in romantic relationships is a poorly recognised threat in Australian domestic security. This issue isn’t just a passing concern; it’s a persistent one that can devastate lives and communities.
With extremist groups targeting vulnerable women, we need to understand how love can become a dangerous trap. We must develop measures that help women become less exposed to these tactics.
Adolescence and early adulthood are tough periods, during which many people search for acceptance. As many young women navigate development stages, they grapple with complex questions of identity and self-worth. Young women often seek validation from relationships that seem to offer love and belonging, making them prime targets for extremists posing as knights in shining armour.
These extremists know how to exploit vulnerabilities. Research shows that women who crave external reassurance are more likely to adopt extremist beliefs, just for a little affection. Those who may be more avoidant and struggle to make connections may be more vulnerable to the false camaraderie of extremist groups. If recruiters can identify these vulnerabilities, they can use them as tools of radicalisation.
Social media makes these struggles harder, distorting self-image and intensifying feelings of exclusion. It is also part of the radicalisation process. Platforms such as Facebook, Instagram and TikTok are breeding grounds for extremist views. Recruiters use the anonymity and reach of these platforms to engage with young women under the guise of romantic interest. Once drawn in, the women can find themselves ensnared in extremist ideologies through emotional manipulation and promises of love and belonging.
ISIS recruiters use striking short videos and photos on platforms such as Facebook and WhatsApp. They entice women with promises of love, marriage and meaningful lives as ‘jihadi brides’.
Similarly, the Nordic Resistance Movement, a neo-Nazi group, specifically targets women by promoting traditional gender roles and highlighting their importance in the movement. They romanticise motherhood and family values, suggesting that joining the group is a way to protect a pure society. Their propaganda features eye-catching posts, testimonials from women in the group, and discussions that celebrate women as key players in their ideology.
Both groups exploit emotional vulnerabilities, making their messages especially appealing to those looking for acceptance and community.
The European Union has made some progress in protecting young women from radicalisation. A report published by the European Commission detailed extremists’ use of social media to recruit young women and presented recommendations for addressing the threat.
In Australia, most existing youth outreach programs don’t address the particular vulnerabilities faced by young women at risk of radicalisation. Initiatives such as the Australian government’s Youth Engagement Strategy promote social inclusion but often overlook the specific emotional and relational challenges that can make girls susceptible to extremist influences.
With these challenges in mind, we need to develop initiatives tailored to the vulnerabilities of young women. These programs should include workshops that build emotional resilience and self-esteem, helping participants recognise unhealthy relationship dynamics and signs of manipulation. Mentoring schemes that connect young women with positive role models can provide guidance and foster a sense of belonging, steering them away from harmful ideologies.
Targeted educational programs should also be established. Initiatives in schools, for example, can integrate education on emotional intelligence and healthy relationship into teaching. By teaching respect, consent and the importance of supportive friendships, schools can help create an environment where young women feel empowered and valued. This directly addresses the vulnerabilities that extremist recruiters seek to exploit.
Domestic violence awareness campaigns are another opportunity for education. They should not only highlight signs of abusive relationships but also stress the importance of strong, supportive friendships. Young women must be empowered to recognise manipulative behaviours and understand the need to seek help when necessary. Critical media literacy programs can further equip them to evaluate online content, enabling them to spot extremist propaganda and resist its allure.
Collaboration between community organisations, mental health professionals and law enforcement will also be crucial for developing these comprehensive approaches to tackling radicalisation. Providing opportunities for discussion and support allows young women to process their experiences and concerns constructively, reinforcing resilience.
The radicalisation of young women through romantic relationships is overdue for attention. Strengthening self-esteem, fostering resilience and promoting healthy relationships will address the issues that often lead women to extremism in the first place. This preventative approach will fortify our society against the insidious pull of radicalisation and save lives.
Addressing this issue isn’t just about security; it’s about ensuring that every young woman feels empowered to pursue her dreams and find her voice without falling prey to harmful ideologies. The stakes are high and the potential for positive change is immense.